{"id":2158,"date":"2014-07-27T09:42:13","date_gmt":"2014-07-27T09:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fanzung.com\/?p=2158"},"modified":"2014-07-28T13:38:19","modified_gmt":"2014-07-28T13:38:19","slug":"c%c6%a1-s%e1%bb%9f-xac-d%e1%bb%8bnh-ngu%e1%bb%93n-g%e1%bb%91c-ti%e1%ba%bfng-vi%e1%bb%87t-qua-2-bai-bao-c%e1%bb%a7a-a-g-haudricourt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/?p=2158","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t (qua 2 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a A.G. Haudricourt)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0 http:\/\/ngonngu.net\/?p=283 )<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"_1\" name=\"_1\"><\/a>1. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00ed do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chia t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ecb chia t\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1eb9<\/em> hay <em>ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/em>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng \u201csinh ra\u201d t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ec3 quy ch\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m, nh\u1eefng chi, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng&#8230; kh\u00e1c nhau, tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ba m\u1eb7t ng\u1eef \u00e2m, t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1&#8230; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i; nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. <em>\u201cH\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed7i t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u1eef \u00e2m (\u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 <em>l\u00ed do<\/em>, c\u00f3 <em>quy lu\u1eadt<\/em> v\u00e0 theo <em>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef theo quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n, l\u00e0 <em>t\u00ednh v\u00f5 \u0111o\u00e1n<\/em> trong quan h\u1ec7 ng\u1eef \u00e2m v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ta c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng: nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nhau v\u1ec1 \u00e2m thanh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh gi\u00fap quy c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, th\u00ec <em>\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh\u2013l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/em>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh\u2013l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh, t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c <em>quy lu\u1eadt<\/em> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 <em>ng\u1eef \u00e2m, t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/em> v\u00e0 <em>ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i qua \u0111\u1ea5y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, hay quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"_2\" name=\"_2\"><\/a>2. V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ecd Nam \u00c1 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1856) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ki\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a <strong>Taberd<\/strong> (1838): <em>\u201cti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n<\/span>\u201d<\/em>. C\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 Taberd \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 75% t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb v\u0103n ho\u00e1 (nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i). Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb mang t\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. V\u00e0 theo Masp\u00e9ro (1912): <em>B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1eeb H\u00e1n n\u00e0o v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u0110\u1ea3o<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a<strong> B\u00ecnh Nguy\u00ean L\u1ed9c<\/strong> v\u1edbi hai cu\u1ed1n <em>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c M\u00e3 Lai c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em> (S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1972) v\u00e0 <em>L\u1ed9t tr\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef<\/em> (S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1973), v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 <strong>H\u1ed3 L\u00ea<\/strong> (1996). C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau trong h\u1ecd Nam \u0110\u1ea3o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi m\u00e0, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111an xen gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Nam \u0110\u1ea3o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 B\u00ecnh Nguy\u00ean L\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u00f3 40% t\u1eeb M\u00e3 Lai trong v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, tuy nhi\u00ean \u201ctrong hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng d\u0103m ch\u1ee5c t\u1eeb\u201d <a id=\"_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"http:\/\/ngonngu.net\/?p=283#_ftn1\"><\/a><sup>(1)<\/sup>&#8230; Do v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u0110\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 ba, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, cho r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef thu\u1ed9c <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i<\/span>. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay r\u1eb1ng, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u00c1 th\u00ec c\u00e1ch l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i cho \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>Henry Masp\u00e9ro<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u1eb1ng <em>ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh-l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/em>, v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh <em>t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u<\/em>, Masp\u00e9ro \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch g\u00ec b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>V\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng:<\/em> gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>V\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p:<\/em> ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t xa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer hi\u1ec7n nay b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng Mon-Khmer c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u01a1 s\u00e0i v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <em>V\u1ec1 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u:<\/em> v\u1edbi Masp\u00e9ro, thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169ng c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 H\u00e1n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Masp\u00e9ro kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c A.G. Haudricourt ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"_3\" name=\"_3\"><\/a>3. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t qua hai b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a A.G. Haudricourt<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1. L\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a A.G. Haudricourt trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9ng minh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Nam \u00c1 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Trong hai n\u0103m 1953 v\u00e0 1954, <strong>A.G. Haudricourt<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 hai b\u00e0i b\u00e1o quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8211; V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Nam \u00c1 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8211; V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c thanh trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi hai b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u00c1, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd Th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 H. Masp\u00e9ro \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay r\u1eb1ng, A.G. Haudricourt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00eau ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u00c1. M\u00e0, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1856, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Haudricourt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00ed l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, qua l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Haudricourt ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng. Sau khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 Masp\u00e9ro \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Haudricourt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb \u1ea5y v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Mon-Khmer, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eeba g\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i v\u1eeba g\u1ed1c Mon-Khmer nh\u01b0 Masp\u00e9ro \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ed1. Hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u1eb7p t\u1eeb <em>gi\u1ebft \u2013 ch\u1ebft<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p>kch\u1ebft <sup><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0x\u00e1t ho\u00e1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/sup>&gt; gi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eb7p t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c: <em>c\u1ecdc-n\u1ecdc, k\u1eb9p-n\u1eb9p, con-non<\/em>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Qua nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ch\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Haudricourt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u. Haudricourt cho r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n nay ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e1i c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer kh\u00f4ng thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. B\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, theo <strong>V.B. Kasevich<\/strong>, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Phi tuy ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00ec l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng \u201ctuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng\u201d <em>(tr.198)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Theo Haudricourt, <em>thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3<\/em>, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 Haudricourt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng, v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Mon-Khmer:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u1eefa <em>thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u <\/em>c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nhau theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eafc v\u00f4 thanh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thanh c\u00f3 \u00e2m v\u1ef1c cao, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1eefu thanh th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u00e2m v\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u00e2m ti\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p>+ Hai thanh ngang-huy\u1ec1n: <em>\u00e2m ti\u1ebft m\u1edf<\/em>;<\/p>\n<p>+ Hai thanh h\u1ecfi-ng\u00e3: <em>\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i x\u00e1t<\/em>;<\/p>\n<p>+ Hai thanh s\u1eafc-n\u1eb7ng: <em>\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i t\u1eafc y\u1ebft h\u1ea7u<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean <em>k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5c nguy\u00ean<\/em>, Haudricourt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c thanh trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table summary=\"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c thanh trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u00ec, c\u00f3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh ho\u1ea1\" width=\"98%\" border=\"2\" frame=\"box\" rules=\"all\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<caption align=\"bottom\">S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c thanh trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<br \/>\n(kh\u00f4ng thanh)<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 VI<br \/>\n(ba thanh)<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XII<br \/>\n(s\u00e1u thanh)<\/th>\n<th>Ng\u00e0y nay<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>pa<\/td>\n<td>pa<\/td>\n<td>pa<\/td>\n<td>ba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sla, hla<\/td>\n<td>hla<\/td>\n<td>la<\/td>\n<td>la<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ba<\/td>\n<td>ba<\/td>\n<td>p\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>b\u00e0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>la<\/td>\n<td>la<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pas, pah<\/td>\n<td>p\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>p\u1ea3<\/td>\n<td>b\u1ea3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>slas, hlah<\/td>\n<td>hl\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>l\u1ea3<\/td>\n<td>l\u1ea3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bas, bah<\/td>\n<td>b\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>p\u00e3<\/td>\n<td>b\u00e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>las, lah<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e0<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e3<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pax, pa?<\/td>\n<td>p\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>p\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>b\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>slax, ba?<\/td>\n<td>hl\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bax, ba?<\/td>\n<td>b\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>p\u1ea1<\/td>\n<td>b\u1ea1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lax, la?<\/td>\n<td>l\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>l\u1ea1<\/td>\n<td>l\u1ea1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u00ed l\u1ebd tr\u00ean, A.G. Haudricourt \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: <em>\u201ct\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e1nh Mon-Khmer thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Nam \u00c1 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 hi\u1ec7n nay\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3>3.2. C\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong khu v\u1ef1c, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a nhau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Cho n\u00ean, khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Th\u00e1i, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Nam \u0110\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 H\u00e1n trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef \u00e2m, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb mang t\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. V\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 quan, thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng hay nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, sai l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ref\">\n<p><a id=\"fnt\" name=\"fnt\" href=\"http:\/\/ngonngu.net\/?p=283#fnt_ref\"><\/a>* <strong>A.G. Haudricourt<\/strong> (1953 v\u00e0 1954)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn1\" name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"http:\/\/ngonngu.net\/?p=283#_ftnref1\"><\/a><sup>(1)<\/sup> <strong>Cao Xu\u00e2n H\u1ea1o<\/strong>, trang 94.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mai Ng\u1ecdc Ch\u1eeb &#8211; V\u0169 \u0110\u1ee9c Nghi\u1ec7u &#8211; Ho\u00e0ng Tr\u1ecdng Phi\u1ebfn<\/strong>. <em>C\u01a1 s\u1edf ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>. Nxb Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, 1997.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00ed D\u00f5i<\/strong>. <em>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>. Nxb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia, H., 2000.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1p<\/strong> (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean). <em>D\u1eabn lu\u1eadn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc<\/em>. Nxb Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, 1998.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cao Xu\u00e2n H\u1ea1o<\/strong>. <em>Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 V\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>. Nxb Tr\u1ebb, 2001.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A.G. Haudricourt<\/strong> (1953). <em>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam \u00c1<\/em>. (Ho\u00e0ng Tu\u1ec7 <em>d\u1ecbch<\/em>). In trong <em>Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em> \u2013 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00ed D\u00f5i <em>bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/em>, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1997.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A.G. Haudricourt<\/strong> (1954). <em>V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c thanh c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>. (Ho\u00e0ng Tu\u1ec7 <em>d\u1ecbch<\/em>). In trong <em>Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em> \u2013 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00ed D\u00f5i <em>bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/em>, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1997.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; (Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0 http:\/\/ngonngu.net\/?p=283 ) &nbsp; 1. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00ed do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chia t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ecb chia t\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1eb9 hay ng\u00f4n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2158","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ting-vit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2158"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2167,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2158\/revisions\/2167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}