{"id":30,"date":"2010-12-01T02:00:20","date_gmt":"2010-12-01T02:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/viethannom.wordpress.com\/?p=30"},"modified":"2010-12-01T02:00:20","modified_gmt":"2010-12-01T02:00:20","slug":"v%e1%bb%81-t%e1%ba%a5m-bia-c%e1%bb%a7a-qu%e1%bb%91c-chua-nguy%e1%bb%85n-phuc-chu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/?p=30","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ec1 t\u1ea5m bia c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V\u1ec1 t\u1ea5m bia c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch H\u1ea3i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc[1]
\nPhan Anh D\u0169ng [2]<\/p>\n

\u1ede khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ed5ng ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, hai b\u00ean th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ba t\u1ea5m bia l\u1edbn v\u00e0 treo qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3ng chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a, ph\u00eda sau th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m bia l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean th\u1eddi Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ebfch ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i g\u1ea7n c\u1ed5ng so v\u1edbi th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean l\u00e0 hai nh\u00e0 bia h\u00ecnh t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau, \u0111\u1eb7t hai t\u1ea5m bia c\u1ee7a vua Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea5m b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean B\u1ea3o Th\u00e1p bi\u201d, t\u1ea5m b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u201cThi\u00ean M\u1ee5 chung thanh\u201d (th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ec7 th\u1eadp t\u1ee9 c\u1ea3nh). G\u1ea7n ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean, lui v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat l\u00e0 hai nh\u00e0 l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c, b\u00ean tr\u00e1i treo qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed3ng Chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m bia c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t do Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu l\u1eadp, \u1edf cu\u1ed1i bia \u0111\u1ec1: \u00a0\u6642 \u6c38 \u76db \u5341 \u4e00 \u5e74 \u6b72 \u6b21 \u4e59 \u672a \u521d \u51ac \u4e4b \u5409 \u65e6 \u65e5 – \u201cTh\u1eddi V\u0129nh Th\u1ecbnh th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t ni\u00ean, tu\u1ebf th\u1ee9 \u1ea4t M\u00f9i s\u01a1 \u0111\u00f4ng chi c\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1n nh\u1eadt\u201d – Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u V\u0129nh Th\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 11, ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1t th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m \u1ea4t M\u00f9i (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1715, \u0111\u1eddi vua L\u00ea D\u1ee5 T\u00f4ng) .<\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung t\u1ea5m bia n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu tr\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, bia kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i n\u00ean b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u to\u00e0n v\u0103n, ch\u1ec9 xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t lai l\u1ecbch t\u1ea5m bia v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i v\u0103n bia:<\/p>\n

Minh v\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu (\u962e\u798f\u6dcd, 1675 \u2013 1725) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong (\u1edf ng\u00f4i t\u1eeb 1691 \u0111\u1ebfn 1725). D\u00f2ng ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n v\u1ed1n g\u1ed1c \u1edf Gia Mi\u00eau, huy\u1ec7n T\u1ed1ng S\u01a1n, Thanh Ho\u00e1. Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu l\u00e0 con c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Ngh\u0129a v\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Tr\u0103n (Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac T\u1ed9c Th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3 ghi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Th\u00e1i, ch\u1eef Th\u00e1i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y \u6e99 l\u00e0 ch\u1eef hi\u1ebfm d\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ecb l\u1ea7m v\u1edbi ch\u1eef Tr\u0103n\u00a0 \u6eb1 \u00a0ch\u0103ng?). M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Th\u1ecb \u1edf T\u1ed1ng S\u01a1n, Thanh Ho\u00e1, con c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ebfu ph\u00f3 Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng T\u1ed1ng Ph\u00fac Vinh, b\u00e0 theo h\u1ea7u Ngh\u0129a v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb khi \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, sau khi Ph\u00fac Tr\u0103n l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u00e0m cung t\u1ea7n, khi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con trai th\u00ec c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa y\u00eau qu\u00fd. B\u00e0 phi c\u1ee7a Ngh\u0129a v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec v\u1ecb n\u1ec3 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em Ph\u00fac Chu v\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i. Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i \u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, v\u0103n hay ch\u1eef t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i v\u0103n v\u00f5. Khi n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i ch\u00faa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 17 tu\u1ed5i (1691).<\/p>\n

Minh v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ec ch\u00faa hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i. Khi m\u1edbi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, \u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m chi\u00eau hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3i s\u0129, c\u1ea7u l\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng, n\u1ea1p l\u1eddi can gi\u00e1n, b\u1ecf xa hoa, b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed, nh\u1eb9 thu\u1ebf m\u00e1 phu d\u1ecbch, b\u1edbt h\u00ecnh ng\u1ee5c. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 ghi trong t\u1ea5m bia \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Ch\u00faa t\u1eebng m\u1edf h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, ch\u00f9a M\u1ef9 Am, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00faa c\u0169ng \u0103n chay \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn C\u00f4n Gia m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi, ph\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n g\u1ea1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. Th\u1eddi ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu b\u1edd c\u00f5i ph\u00eda B\u1eafc y\u00ean \u1ed5n do chi\u1ebfn tranh Tr\u1ecbnh – Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng 30 n\u0103m, c\u00f2n ph\u00eda Nam \u00f4ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi Nam B\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1eb7t ph\u1ee7 B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn n\u0103m \u0110inh S\u1eedu 1697 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t Phan Rang, Phan R\u00ed tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1eb7t ph\u1ee7 Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, sai Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu K\u00ednh v\u00e0o cai tr\u1ecb n\u0103m 1698, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 .v.v.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u01a1, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i th\u01a1 kh\u00f3c v\u1ee3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh \u00fd tha thi\u1ebft. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng con: 146 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u1ed3m 38 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Minh (Minh V\u01b0\u01a1ng), hi\u1ec7u Thi\u00ean T\u00fang \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u00e2n, v\u1ec1 sau nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n truy t\u00f4n \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec3n T\u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu Minh ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i v\u0103n bia c\u00f3 ghi: \u570b \u4e3b \u962e \u798f \u9031 \u55e3 \u6d1e \u4e0a \u6b63 \u5b97 \u4e09 \u5341 \u4e16,\u00a0\u00a0 \u6cd5 \u540d \u8208 \u9f8d,\u00a0\u00a0 \u865f \u5929 \u7e31 \u9053 \u4eba \u9f0e \u5efa \u9806 \u5316 \u5929 \u59e5 \u5bfa \u7891 \u8a18 \u9298 – \u201cQu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu[3] t\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh t\u00f4ng tam th\u1eadp th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p danh H\u01b0ng Long hi\u1ec7u Thi\u00ean T\u00fang \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec9nh ki\u1ebfn Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 bi k\u00ed minh\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f2ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng, theo s\u00e1ch s\u1eed th\u00ec n\u0103m 1695, \u00a0ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 d\u00f2ng T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Th\u1ea1ch Li\u00eam, t\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n H\u00e1n \u00d4ng t\u1edbi Hu\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p, d\u1ef1ng gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u1ec1n L\u00e2m v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00faa Ph\u00fac Chu \u0111\u00e3 quy y d\u00f2ng T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u Thi\u00ean T\u00fang \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00f4ng<\/strong> (\u66f9\u6d1e\u5b97) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i Thi\u1ec1n quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai v\u1ecb Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9ng S\u01a1n L\u01b0\u01a1ng Gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0 T\u00e0o S\u01a1n B\u1ea3n T\u1ecbch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta gh\u00e9p hai ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00ean hai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tu t\u1eadp trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i L\u00e2m T\u1ebf[4] \u00a0v\u00e0 T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nhau nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p M\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec1n[5], t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3 to\u1ea1[6], “ch\u1ec9 an nhi\u00ean To\u1ea1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7”, L\u00e2m T\u1ebf t\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Kh\u00e1n tho\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n[7], l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n C\u00f4ng \u00e1n[8]. Thi\u1ec1n T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1c Thu\u1ef7 Nguy\u1ec7t (1636-1704) truy\u1ec1n sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 17, Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o cho Ch\u00e2n Dung T\u00f4ng Di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i (mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc), r\u1ea5t th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 17 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u 18.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n d\u00f2ng T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n, t\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0ng Trong th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1695 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean. Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1696, qua cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n \u201cH\u1ea3i Ngo\u1ea1i K\u1ef7 S\u1ef1\u201d thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam khai th\u00e1c kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 trong quy\u1ec3n 3 c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i Ngo\u1ea1i K\u1ef7 S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn V\u1ea1n L\u00fd Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa t\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa (Paracel) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 sai thuy\u1ec1n ra khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eafm tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o V\u1ea1n L\u00fd Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng do Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n truy\u1ec1n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u1edf Hu\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng 95% theo B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n L\u00e2m T\u1ebf. Trong T\u1eadp san nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf s\u1ed1 5-Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch 2546, c\u00f3 b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 Th\u00edch L\u01b0u Thanh, cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 t\u00f4n \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ea1ch Li\u00eam Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u1eddng gian b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u00f9a c\u00f2n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng kim sa c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 Th\u1ea1ch Li\u00eam Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Vinh[9] th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 gh\u00e9 qua Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi sau t\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 khai s\u01a1n ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, v\u00ec ch\u00f9a do ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng Vinh c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1eadt ra, s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 gh\u00e9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ec7nh trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u00f9a gi\u00f3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng. S\u01b0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 c\u1ea3\u201d, c\u00e1c s\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n tu \u1edf ch\u00f9a c\u0169ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn d\u00f2ng T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u01b0 Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean theo suy lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t khi Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1i thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i S\u00e1n l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 l\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u1ecb tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec ng\u00f4i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n n\u1eeda n\u0103m, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u1ede cu\u1ed1i t\u1ea5m bia c\u00f3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu, n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00f9ng Ph\u1eadt, t\u00f4n Nho (C\u01b0 Nho m\u1ed9 Th\u00edch, Nho Th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3ng ban), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean v\u0103n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Vi\u1ec7t qu\u1ed1c chi nam h\u1ec1 giai th\u1ee7y giai s\u01a1n<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o s\u00e1t chi tr\u00e1ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec1n quan<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh chi thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u1ec1 kh\u00ea h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e0n s\u00e0n<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ed1c chi \u0111i\u1ec7n an h\u1ec1 t\u1ee9 c\u1ea3nh u nh\u00e0n<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 vi chi h\u00f3a h\u1ec1 nho th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3ng ban<\/p>\n

K\u00ed t\u01b0 th\u1eafng kh\u00e1i h\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn ti\u00eau l\u1eadp \u0111\u00edch h\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed3n t\u00e0 nh\u00e0n<\/p>\n

\u8d8a\u570b\u4e4b\u5357\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u4f73\u6c34\u4f73\u5c71<\/p>\n

\u5bf6\u524e\u4e4b\u58ef\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u65e5\u7167\u79aa\u95dc<\/p>\n

\u6027\u4e4b\u6e05\u6de8\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u6eaa\u97ff\u6f7a\u6f7a<\/p>\n

\u570b\u4e4b\u5960\u5b89\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u56db\u5883\u5e7d\u9592<\/p>\n

\u7121\u70ba\u4e4b\u5316\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u5112\u91cb\u540c\u73ed<\/p>\n

\u8a18\u8332\u52dd\u6982\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u56e0\u679c\u8ff4\u9084<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u6a19\u7acb\u7684\u516e,\u00a0\u00a0 \u8aa0\u5b58\u90aa\u9591<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 Gi\u1edbi H\u01b0\u01a1ng[10] :
\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1eeb v\u1eefng n\u00fai \u0111\u1eb9p non
\nCh\u00f9a vi\u1ec7n h\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ng ch\u1eeb tu\u1ec7 nh\u1eadt soi c\u1eeda
\nN\u1ed9i t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh ch\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb bi th\u1ea5m
\n\u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00ean \u1ed5n ch\u1eeb b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00eam \u1ea5m
\nPh\u00e1p h\u00f3a v\u00f4 vi ch\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt Nho thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o
\nVi\u1ebft l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i ch\u1eeb nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 vu\u00f4ng tr\u00f2n
\nD\u1ef1ng bia l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m ch\u1eeb, ch\u00e1nh c\u00f2n t\u00e0 ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n c\u0169ng xin n\u00f3i qua v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed3ng chung r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nh\u00e0 t\u1ee9 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n bia n\u00e0y, chu\u00f4ng c\u0169ng do ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u0111\u00fac, n\u1eb7ng \u201ctam th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb b\u00e1ch b\u00e1t th\u1eadp ng\u0169 c\u00e2n\u201d (3285 c\u00e2n, n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh c\u00e2n ta kho\u1ea3ng 0.605kg th\u00ec l\u00e0 1987kg, t\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n 2 t\u1ea5n). Tr\u00ean chu\u00f4ng ghi \u201cV\u0129nh Th\u1ecbnh l\u1ee5c ni\u00ean tu\u1ebf th\u1ee9 Canh D\u1ea7n t\u1ee9 nguy\u1ec7t\u201d, t\u1ee9c th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1710, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1ng bia \u0111\u1ebfn 5 n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i. \u0110\u00fac chu\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 l\u1ebd vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1715, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean: \u201cb\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed, nh\u1eb9 thu\u1ebf m\u00e1 phu d\u1ecbch\u201d. Trong \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c ho\u00e0nh phi l\u1edbn v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu, \u0111\u1ec1 4 ch\u1eef \u201c\u9748 \u9df2 \u9ad8 \u5cf0- Linh Th\u1ee9u cao phong\u201d, \u201c\u7532\u5348\u5e74\u5b5f\u590f\u7a40\u65e5,\u00a0 \u570b\u4e3b\u5929\u7e31\u9053\u4eba\u984c – Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd ni\u00ean m\u1ea1nh h\u1ea1 c\u1ed1c nh\u1eadt, Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u1ee7 Thi\u00ean T\u00fang \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (th\u00e1ng 5-1714), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1ng bia (th\u00e1ng 10-1715) g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i.\u1ea2nh b\u1ea3n r\u1eadp t\u1ea5m bia \u201cNg\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 t\u1ef1\u201d c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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– \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p nh\u00e0 l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 bia \u201cNg\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 t\u1ef1\u201d, nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb c\u1ed5ng:<\/p>\n

<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

– \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u1ea5m bia \u201cNg\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 t\u1ef1\u201d:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\n– \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p b\u1ee9c ho\u00e0nh phi th\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu, Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd ni\u00ean (1714), \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[1] Ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2] Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00f4ng tin Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[3] Ch\u00fa \u00fd ch\u1eef Chu tr\u00ean bia vi\u1ebft b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u1edbc \u9031 , ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng vi\u1ebft tr\u00e1nh ch\u1eef h\u00fay t\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu, l\u00e0 ch\u1eef Chu c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y: \u6dcd ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4] L\u00e2m t\u1ebf t\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t trong Ng\u0169 gia c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng Trung hoa, do L\u00e2m T\u1ebf Ngh\u0129a Huy\u1ec1n( ?-886 ) l\u1eadp n\u00ean.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5] M\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec1n: l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n phong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn x\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Ho\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed Ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1i T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng. M\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m m\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n; Chi\u1ebfu t\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng tu\u1ec7 soi chi\u1ebfu linh tr\u00ed t\u00e2m t\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6] Ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3 t\u1ecda l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7] Kh\u00e1n tho\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 t\u00f4ng phong c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i tu\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng c\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c L\u00e2m T\u1ebf t\u00f4ng. Kh\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn; Tho\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 cho C\u00f4ng \u00c1n, t\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc Tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, sau th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c tham c\u1ee9u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 khai ng\u1ed9. (Ph\u1eadt Quang \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n: \u770b\u8a71\u79aa : \u70ba\u81e8\u6fdf\u5b97\u5927\u6167\u5b97\u6772\u4e4b\u5b97\u98a8.\u770b, \u898b\u4e4b\u610f ; \u8a71 , \u516c\u6848\u4e4b\u610f.\u5373\u5c08\u5c31\u4e00\u5247\u53e4\u4eba\u4e4b\u8a71\u982d.\u6b77\u4e45\u771f\u5be6\u53c3\u7a76\u7d42\u65bc\u7372\u5f97\u958b\u609f)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[8] C\u00f4ng \u00e1n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang sai \u1edf trong quan ph\u1ee7. Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n suy trong thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[9] Xem: http:\/\/www.quangduc.com\/vietnam\/67htthachliem.html<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[10] \u201cV\u0103n bia ch\u00f9a Hu\u1ebf\u201d, Th\u00edch Gi\u1edbi H\u01b0\u01a1ng 1994. S\u00e1ch l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1ec1 t\u1ea5m bia c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5 Th\u00edch H\u1ea3i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc[1] Phan Anh D\u0169ng [2] \u1ede khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ed5ng ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, hai b\u00ean th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ba t\u1ea5m bia l\u1edbn v\u00e0 treo qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3ng chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a, ph\u00eda sau th\u00e1p Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Duy\u00ean c\u00f2n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ch-han-vit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}