{"id":832,"date":"2012-11-30T06:41:56","date_gmt":"2012-11-30T06:41:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fanzung.tk\/?p=832"},"modified":"2021-03-08T06:35:54","modified_gmt":"2021-03-08T06:35:54","slug":"v%e1%bb%81-nh%e1%bb%afng-d%e1%bb%8ba-danh-thu%e1%ba%a7n-vi%e1%bb%87t-th%e1%bb%9di-hung-v%c6%b0%c6%a1ng","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/?p=832","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d th\u1eddi H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>(T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Th\u00f4ng tin Khoa h\u1ecdc &amp; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TT-Hu\u1ebf, 4-1996)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><i>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft\u00a0c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 An Chi, ch\u1ee7 th\u1edbt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec5 t\u1eeb thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o n\u00e0o\u00a0ph\u00e1t\u00a0\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf H\u00e1n ng\u1eef\u00a0th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n (m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef \u00e2m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed). Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn.<\/i><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Trong b\u00e0i \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc\u201d (1), Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u1eb1ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u201cK\u1ebb\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh \u0111i li\u1ec1n sau n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u201cM\u1ea9y\u201d, \u201cC\u00f3t\u201d, \u201cV\u00f2ng\u201d, v.v.. (th\u00e0nh \u201cK\u1ebb M\u1ea9y\u201d, \u201cK\u1ebb C\u00f3t\u201d, \u201cK\u1ebb V\u00f2ng\u201d, v.v..) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean N\u00f4m l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean x\u00e3 th\u00f4n (&#8230;) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d (2). Sau \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xem \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadt \u0111i l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i Nguy\u1ec5n Linh, trong Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng (3), \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n c\u00e3i. Th\u1ef1c ra, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 s\u01a1 h\u1edf r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u201ck\u1ebb\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb ghi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef\u00a0<strong>\u754c<\/strong>\u00a0m\u00e0\u00a0\u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>gi\u1edbi<\/strong>, \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u00edt th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>gi\u00e1i<\/strong>, c\u00f2n \u00e2m ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>c\u00e1i<\/strong>\u00a0(\u201cc\u1ed5 b\u00e1i thi\u1ebft\u201d) (4). V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u201ck\u1ebb\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ean N\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>M\u1ea9y, C\u00f3t, V\u00f2ng<\/em>, v.v.. ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/div>\n<div>\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, xin ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ean\u00a0<strong>M\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba danh c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng Ho\u00e0ng Mai, T\u01b0\u01a1ng Mai v\u00e0 Mai \u0110\u1ed9ng. Theo B\u00f9i Thi\u1ebft th\u00ec:<\/div>\n<div>\u201cHo\u00e0ng Mai v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng Mai c\u00f3 t\u00ean N\u00f4m l\u00e0\u00a0<em>K\u1ebb M\u01a1\u00a0<\/em>hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l<em>\u00e0ng M\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0ng Ho\u00e0ng Mai l\u00e0\u00a0<em>M\u01a1 R\u01b0\u1ee3u<\/em>\u00a0v\u00ec l\u00e0ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 n\u1ea5u r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u01a1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n T\u01b0\u01a1ng Mai l\u00e0\u00a0<em>M\u01a1 C\u01a1m<\/em>\u00a0v\u00ec l\u00e0ng n\u00e0y chuy\u00ean b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u01a1m. L\u00e0ng Mai \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi t\u00ean N\u00f4m l\u00e0 M\u01a1 nh\u01b0ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0<em>M\u01a1 T\u00e1o. K\u1ebb M\u01a1\u00a0<\/em>hay ba l\u00e0ng Mai n\u00f3i chung n\u1eb1m k\u1ec1 g\u00f3c \u0111\u00f4ng nam c\u1ee7a kinh th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long x\u01b0a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1 t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm (&#8230;) Th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u1ea5p C\u1ed5 Mai (hay trang C\u1ed5 Mai) m\u00e0 c\u00e1c vua nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n phong c\u1ea5p cho anh em Tr\u1ea7n Kh\u00e1t Ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n H\u00e3n\u201d (5).<\/div>\n<div>Th\u1ef1c ra, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ho\u00e0ng Mai, T\u01b0\u01a1ng Mai v\u00e0 Mai \u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cN\u00f4m\u201d l\u00e0\u00a0<em>M\u01a1<\/em>; c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng c\u1ed5 m\u00e0 t\u00ean H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1\u00a0<em>Mai<\/em>, ghi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef\u00a0<strong>\u6885<\/strong>, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cN\u00f4m\u201d l\u00e0\u00a0<em>M\u01a1<\/em>. Th\u00f4n Mai Ch\u00e2u, thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1ea1ch, m\u1ed9t trong 23 x\u00e3 c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng Anh, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cN\u00f4m\u201d l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng\u00a0<em>M\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0(6). Th\u00f4n Mai Trai, thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 V\u1ea1n Th\u1eafng, m\u1ed9t trong 32 x\u00e3 c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n Ba V\u00ec, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cN\u00f4m\u201d l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng\u00a0<em>M\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0(7).<\/div>\n<div>C\u00e1i m\u00e0 B\u00f9i Thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ean N\u00f4m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i:\u00a0<strong>m\u01a1<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<strong>mai<\/strong>\u00a0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eef \u00e2m h\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n T\u00e0i C\u1ea9n:<\/div>\n<div>\u201cHi\u1ec7n ta c\u00f3 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>m\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed5 H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t\u00a0<em>mai<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Mai<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u00a0\u00a0*<strong>\u0259j\u00a0<\/strong>&gt; oj &gt; aj.\u00a0<em>M\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u00e2m cu\u1ed1i *-j ch\u01b0a xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n: theo gi\u1edbi H\u00e1n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc,\u00a0<em>m\u01a1\u00a0<\/em>ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vay trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1500 n\u0103m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u2013 c\u0169ng theo s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi H\u00e1n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc \u2013 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>mai<\/em>\u00a0\u0111ang c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n m\u1edf l\u00e0 *<strong>\u0259<\/strong>; v\u1ea7n *<strong>\u0259<\/strong>n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong th\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e1n, T\u00e2y H\u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn th\u1eddi Kinh Thi\u201d (8).<\/div>\n<div>C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00ec\u00a0<em>m\u01a1<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a mai nh\u01b0ng trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec gi\u1eefa hai t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a:\u00a0<em>M\u01a1\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y m\u00e0 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Prunus armeniaca Lin<\/em>, thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd hoa h\u1ed3ng (Rosaceae); c\u00f2n\u00a0<em>mai<\/em>\u00a0th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y m\u00e0 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Prunus mume S. et Z.<\/em>, c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd hoa h\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y m\u01a1 (9). M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1c Germanic m\u00e0\u00a0<em>tier<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung c\u00f2n\u00a0<em>deer<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Anh th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1u, nai.<\/div>\n<div>Tr\u1edf l\u00ean, s\u1edf d\u0129 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eef \u00e2m v\u00e0 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 quanh co \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec\u00a0<strong>m\u01a1\u00a0<\/strong>v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 lai l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eef\/t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>\u6885<\/strong>\u00a0<em>mai<\/em>\u00a0. \u0110\u00f3 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 N\u00f4m, thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ngo\u00e0i n\u00f3 ra th\u00ec c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ca gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u00f9i Thi\u1ebft (s\u1ed1 ghi trong ngo\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n sau m\u1ed7i th\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 trang trong s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y):<\/div>\n<div><em>N\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Canh\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0(32);\u00a0<em>V\u00e0i<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>Nh\u1ecb\u00a0<\/em>(35);\u00a0<em>G\u01b0\u1ee3m<\/em>, c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7n\u00a0<em>Ki\u1ec7m<\/em>\u00a0(37);\u00a0<em>Noi<\/em>, c\u1ee7a C\u1ed5\u00a0<em>Nhu\u1ebf<\/em>(52);\u00a0<em>V\u01b0\u1eddn<\/em>, c\u1ee7a C\u1ed5 Nhu\u1ebf\u00a0<em>Vi\u00ean<\/em>\u00a0(52);\u00a0<em>N\u00fac<\/em>, c\u1ee7a D\u1ecb\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0(56);\u00a0<em>V\u00f2ng<\/em>, c\u1ee7a D\u1ecbch\u00a0<em>V\u1ecdng<\/em>\u00a0(57);\u00a0<em>M\u1ea9y<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>M\u1ec5\u00a0<\/em>Tr\u00ec (57);\u00a0<em>C\u00f3i<\/em>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>C\u1ed1i\u00a0<\/em>Giang (85);\u00a0<em>H\u00f3c<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Minh\u00a0<em>H\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0(93);\u00a0<em>T\u1ea1nh<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n\u00a0<em>T\u00ecnh\u00a0<\/em>(104);\u00a0<em>Then<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Kim\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>(130);\u00a0<em>Keo<\/em>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Giao<\/em>\u00a0T\u1ea5t (130);\u00a0<em>B\u01b0\u1edfi<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>B\u00e1i<\/em>\u00a0\u00c2n (155),\u00a0<em>Ngh\u00e8<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Trung\u00a0<em>Nha<\/em>\u00a0(157);<em>\u00a0B\u00fan<\/em>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Ph\u1ea5n<\/em>\u00a0H\u1ea1 (160);\u00a0<em>V\u1eb9t<\/em>, c\u1ee7a<em>\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>\u00a0Y\u00ean (163);\u00a0<em>M\u1ecdc<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n\u00a0<em>M\u1ee5c<\/em>\u00a0(164);\u00a0<em>N\u00e0nh<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9\u00a0<em>Ninh<\/em>\u00a0(167);\u00a0<em>S\u1ee7i<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Th\u1ed5\u00a0<em>L\u1ed7i<\/em>(183):\u00a0<em>G\u00f9n<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Si\u00eau\u00a0<em>Qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0(212),\u00a0<em>Ng\u00e2u<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Y\u00ean\u00a0<em>Ng\u01b0u<\/em>\u00a0(218);\u00a0<em>Ng\u00e0<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Mi\u00eau\u00a0<em>Nha<\/em>\u00a0(231);\u00a0<em>\u0110\u00eca<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ecdc<em>Tr\u00ec\u00a0<\/em>(232);\u00a0<em>G\u1ea1ch<\/em>, c\u1ee7a \u00d4\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0(244, 245);\u00a0<em>C\u00f3t<\/em>, c\u1ee7a Y\u00ean\u00a0<em>Quy\u1ebft\u00a0<\/em>(268);\u00a0<em>L\u1ec1nh<\/em>, c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Linh<\/em>\u00a0Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (284);<em>Ng\u00f2<\/em>, c\u1ee7a<em>\u00a0Ng\u00f4<\/em>\u00a0Kh\u00ea (286); v.v..<\/div>\n<div>Trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea7u (<em>N\u00fac, V\u00e0i, G\u01b0\u1ee3m<\/em>, v.v..) l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a, c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfng sau (<em>N\u1eadu, Nh\u1ecb, Ki\u1ec7m,<\/em>\u00a0v.v..) l\u00e0 \u00e2m nay c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef H\u00e1n trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh h\u1eefu quan v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1ch nhau r\u1ea5t xa. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<em>N\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0trong Canh\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>, D\u1ecb\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>, nay thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0 trong t\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 D\u1ecb\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>, \u1edf g\u1ea7n Tam \u0110\u1ea3o, thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac hi\u1ec7n nay.\u00a0<em>Then<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0 trong Kim\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0nay thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0trong \u0111\u1ecba danh B\u00ecnh\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u00e1p B\u00ecnh S\u01a1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e1p\u00a0<em>Then<\/em>, thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd hi\u1ec7n nay.\u00a0<em>G\u1ea1ch<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0 trong \u00d4\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0nay thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0trong \u0111\u1ecba danh B\u00ecnh\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng Quan (c\u0169), t\u1ec9nh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh.<\/div>\n<div>V\u1eady\u00a0<em>N\u00fac, Then, G\u1ea1ch<\/em>, v.v.. v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean N\u00f4m, thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t, ho\u1eb7c Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 B\u00f9i Thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 N\u00f4m, l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfng sau l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 khi c\u00e1ch nhau r\u1ea5t xa:<\/div>\n<div>\u2013\u00a0<em>G\u1ea1ch<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf g\u1ea7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>C\u00e1ch<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>G\u1ea1ch<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng phi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng K\u1ecbch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n;<\/div>\n<div>\u2013\u00a0<em>Then\u00a0<\/em>\u1edf g\u1ea7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>S\u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0 T<em>hen<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf t\u1eadn Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng phi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n;<\/div>\n<div>\u2013 \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t,\u00a0<em>N\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf g\u1ea7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng<em>\u00a0N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>N\u00fac\u00a0<\/em>\u1edf t\u1eadn V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng phi\u00ean \u00e2m b\u1eb1ng N\u1ee5c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat: S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0~<em>N\u00fac\u00a0<\/em>ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u1eef \u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chung c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n th\u00ec s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3, v\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng\u00a0<em>\u00e2u ~ uc<\/em>\u00a0th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: \u2013 ch\u1eef\u00a0<strong>\u7e46<\/strong>\u00a0v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>m\u1eadu\u00a0<\/em>v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>m\u1ee5c<\/em>; \u2013 ch\u1eef\u00a0<em>d\u1ee5c<\/em>\u00a0(kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong font Hanosoft ) v\u1eeba h\u00e0i\u00a0<em>\u0111\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u7ac7<\/strong>\u00a0v\u1eeba h\u00e0i\u00a0<em>th\u1ee5c<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u8d16<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0; \u2013 ch\u1eef<em>h\u1eefu<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u6709<\/strong>(= c\u00f3) h\u00e0i thanh cho ch\u1eef\u00a0<em>\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u90c1<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f2n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00e2m x\u01b0a l\u00e0\u00a0<em>d\u1eabu<\/em>\u00a0trong \u201cd\u1eabu sao\u201d, \u201cd\u1eabu r\u1eb1ng\u201d, x\u01b0a h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0\u00a0<em>d\u1ea7u<\/em>\u00a0trong \u201cm\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u\u201d (d\u1ea7u = c\u00f3\u00a0<strong>\u2192\u00a0<\/strong>c\u00f3 sao \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u0169ng\u00a0<strong>\u2192<\/strong>\u00a0h\u01b0 t\u1eeb h\u00f3a = m\u1eb7c d\u00f9, d\u00f9 sao); \u2013 ch\u1eef\u00a0<em>c\u00fa<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u53e5<\/strong>\u00a0c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>c\u00e2u<\/em>, x\u00e9t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ed1i tri\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef\u00a0<em>c\u1ee5c\u00a0<\/em><strong>\u5c40<\/strong>\u00a0; v.v.. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00ednh B. Karlgren \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c nguy\u00ean cho ch\u1eef\u00a0<strong>\u8028<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 l\u00e0 *<em>nug<\/em>, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u00e2m nay l\u00e0\u00a0<em>nou<\/em>\u00a0(10).<\/div>\n<div>S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p t\u1eeb \u0111ang x\u00e9t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u00e2m nay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n h\u1eefu quan. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00ec, d\u00f9 \u00e2m g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t xa. C\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ngay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb Sanskrit c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phi\u00ean \u00e2m kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, c\u00f3 khi ba, b\u1ed1n,&#8230; Ngay m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00f4n nghi\u00eam nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Buddha\u00a0<\/em>th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ba:\u00a0<em>Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0, Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed3<\/em>.<\/div>\n<div>\u0110\u00e3 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111ang x\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean N\u00f4m. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u c\u00f2n bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00ean N\u00f4m c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d (11). \u00dd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec t\u00ednh kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cng\u1eef t\u1ecbch\u201d! Ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0<em>v\u01b0u<\/em>\u00a0trong\u00a0<em>v\u01b0u v\u1eadt<\/em>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi\u00a0<em>nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u201cy\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m\u201d v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>y\u1ebfu<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u? Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 N\u00f4m? M\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 N\u00f4m l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi! S\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb trong t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho \u201cng\u1eef t\u1ecbch\u201d N\u00f4m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Xin \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>c\u00f3c\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1eefa. V\u1eady c\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00e0o n\u00f3 \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 N\u00f4m?<\/div>\n<div>Th\u1ef1c ra, s\u1edf d\u0129 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>Noi, C\u00f3t, V\u00f2ng<\/em>, v.v.., kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh hai ti\u1ebfng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac song ti\u1ebft ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba danh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u00e3 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n m\u00e0 \u00e2m nay \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1c \u0111i \u00edt ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u (<em>Noi ~ Nhu\u1ebf; C\u00f3t ~ Quy\u1ebft; V\u00f2ng ~ V\u1ecdng;<\/em>\u00a0v.v..) n\u00ean kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea7m ch\u00fang l\u00e0&#8230; N\u00f4m!<\/div>\n<div>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>G\u00f9n<\/em>\u00a0qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang ra m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho ph\u00e9p g\u1eafn n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Si\u00eau Qu\u1ea7n<\/em>, r\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng\u00a0<em>g\u00f9n ~ qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0 th\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u1eef<em>qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 36 t\u1ef1 m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Thi\u1ebft v\u1eadn<\/em>\u00a0m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u1eef \u00e2m c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 [g] d\u1ec5 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u1edbi [\u03b3] \u00a0 \u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>g\u00f9n<\/em>\u00a0trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1eady b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3:<\/div>\n<div>[\u03b3<strong>]<\/strong>\u00a0~ [k]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (1)<\/div>\n<div>bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>q-<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 [k]. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn\u00a0<em>-u\u00e2n<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0<em>-un<\/em>\u00a0v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<em>hun<\/em>\u00a0(kh\u00f3i) ~\u00a0<em>hu\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em><strong>\u718f\u00a0<\/strong>(= x\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i); (\u0111\u1ed1ng)\u00a0<em>un<\/em>\u00a0~\u00a0<em>u\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em><strong>\u7185\u00a0<\/strong>(= kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c b\u1ed1c l\u00ean); (d\u00e2y)\u00a0<em>thun<\/em>\u00a0~\u00a0<em>thu\u00e2n<\/em>\u00a0<strong>\u9021\u00a0<\/strong>(= r\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i, l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i) v.v.. V\u1eady ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3:<\/div>\n<div><em>un ~ u\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (2).<\/div>\n<div>Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p (1) v\u1edbi (2) th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>g\u00f9n ~ qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang quy lu\u1eadt.<em>\u00a0Qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng, b\u1ea7y, \u0111\u00e0n, b\u1ecdn.\u00a0<em>Si\u00eau\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0, m\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a l\u00e0\u00a0<em>x\u00e9o<\/em>\u00a0(trong \u201cgi\u00e0y x\u00e9o\u201d) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y qua, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. V\u1eady\u00a0<em>Si\u00eau Qu\u1ea7n<\/em>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ecbnh, huy\u1ec7n Thanh Oai, ph\u1ee7 \u1ee8ng Thi\u00ean, tr\u1ea5n S\u01a1n Nam Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba danh<em>Si\u00eau Lo\u1ea1i<\/em>, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7n thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee7 Thu\u1eadn An, x\u1ee9 Kinh B\u1eafc.\u00a0<em>Si\u00eau Qu\u1ea7n<\/em>\u00a0x\u01b0a h\u1eb3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m th\u00e0nh *<em>X\u00e9o G\u00f9n<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft th\u00e0nh\u00a0<em>G\u00f9n<\/em>. V\u1eady\u00a0<em>G\u00f9n<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba danh Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n ch\u00e1nh c\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00a0l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t,\u00a0l\u00e0 N\u00f4m.<\/div>\n<div>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh \u0111\u01a1n ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>G\u00f9n<\/em>tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<em>\u0110\u00eca<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Tr\u00ec\u00a0<\/em>trong\u00a0<em>Ng\u1ecdc Tr\u00ec<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ao ng\u1ecdc; v\u1eady\u00a0<em>\u0110\u00eca<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ao.\u00a0<em>N\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0trong\u00a0<em>Canh N\u1eadu<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e0y b\u1eeba; v\u1eady<em>\u00a0N\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1eeba.\u00a0<em>V\u00e0i<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Nh\u1ecb<\/em>trong\u00a0<em>Ng\u1ecdc Nh\u1ecb<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hoa tai ng\u1ecdc; v\u1eady\u00a0<em>v\u00e0i<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 hoa tai.\u00a0<em>Noi<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Nhu\u1ebf<\/em>\u00a0trong\u00a0<em>C\u1ed5 Nhu\u1ebf<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng x\u01b0a (nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i); v\u1eady<em>\u00a0noi<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n quanh.\u00a0<em>V\u01b0\u1eddn\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>Vi\u00ean<\/em>trong\u00a0<em>C\u1ed5 Nhu\u1ebf Vi\u00ean<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn \u1edf kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng x\u01b0a (ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1eddn C\u1ed5 Nhu\u1ebf); v\u1eady\u00a0<em>v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0&#8230; v\u01b0\u1eddn.\u00a0<em>V\u00f2ng\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>V\u1ecdng<\/em>\u00a0trong\u00a0<em>D\u1ecbch V\u1ecdng<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 (n\u01a1i) mong ch\u1edd tin tr\u1ea1m; v\u1eady\u00a0<em>v\u00f2ng<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 mong, ng\u00f3ng (v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u201cmong\u201d trong \u201cch\u1edd mong\u201d v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u201cm\u00f2ng\u201d trong \u201cch\u1ed1c m\u00f2ng\u201d).\u00a0<em>M\u1ea9y<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>M\u1ec5\u00a0<\/em>trong<em>\u00a0M\u1ec5 Tr\u00ec<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ao g\u1ea1o; v\u1eady\u00a0<em>m\u1ea9y<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ea1o.\u00a0<em>H\u00f3c<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a\u00a0<em>H\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0trong\u00a0<em>Minh H\u00fac<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, v\u1eady\u00a0<em>h\u00f3c<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng v.v.. N\u1ebfu<em>G\u00f9n, \u0110\u00eca, N\u00fac, V\u00e0i, Noi<\/em>, v.v.. kh\u00f4ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh v\u1ecb g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a minh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. V\u1eady th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng truy nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m ngh\u0129a cho kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u1ee9 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5.<\/div>\n<div>\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201ct\u00ean N\u00f4m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean ch\u1eef\u201d. Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u00ean N\u00f4m hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang b\u1ecb qu\u00ean d\u1ea7n v\u00ec \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i song song v\u1edbi t\u00ean H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: t\u00ean N\u00f4m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi, t\u00ean H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u00ean H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ean ch\u1eef\u201d (12). Nh\u01b0ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ean N\u00f4m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft: G\u00f9n vi\u1ebft l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>\u7fa4<\/strong>\u00a0, \u0110\u00eca:\u00a0<strong>\u6c60<\/strong>\u00a0, N\u00fac:<strong>\u8028<\/strong>\u00a0 , V\u00e0i:<strong>\u73e5<\/strong>\u00a0, Noi:\u00a0<strong>\u6c6d<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0, V\u01b0\u1eddn:\u00a0<strong>\u5712<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0, V\u00f2ng:\u00a0<strong>\u671b<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 , M\u1ea9y:<strong>\u7c73<\/strong>\u00a0 , H\u00f3c:<strong>\u65ed<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0, v.v.. C\u00f2n c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ean ch\u1eef th\u00ec c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3&#8230; g\u1ecdi. V\u1eady c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean ch\u1eef. Ch\u1eb3ng qua, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u201ct\u00ean N\u00f4m\u201d l\u00e0 \u00e2m x\u01b0a c\u00f2n \u201ct\u00ean ch\u1eef\u201d l\u00e0 \u00e2m nay c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef H\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u1eady s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u201ct\u00ean N\u00f4m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean ch\u1eef\u201d nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o.<\/div>\n<div>C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00ec \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh \u201cN\u00f4m\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 K\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang th\u1eddi c\u00e1c vua H\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng: nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3<strong>ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn cai tr\u1ecb T\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n phong ki\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a T\u00e0u<\/strong>. S\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/div>\n<div>V\u1eady c\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00e0o trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba danh Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba? Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 xin nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec th\u1ef1c ra y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m ch\u01b0a h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba danh phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn l\u1eafm khi l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t quanh co. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ai l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>M\u00f3ng C\u00e1i<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba danh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u201cg\u1ed1c\u201d v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Mo\u00f2ng C\u00e1i\u00a0<\/em>m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ghi b\u1eb1ng hai ch\u1eef\u00a0<strong>\u8292\u8857<\/strong>\u00a0, \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Mang Nhai<\/em>. V\u1eady hai ch\u1eef<em>Mang Nhai<\/em>\u00a0ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0<em>M\u00f3ng C\u00e1i\u00a0<\/em>v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi \u00e2m hai ti\u1ebfng\u00a0<em>Mo\u00f2ng C\u00e1i<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng hai ch\u1eef H\u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m \u201cti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\u201d\u00a0<em>M\u00f3ng C\u00e1i\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em r\u00e2u \u00f4ng n\u1ecd c\u1eafm c\u1eb1m b\u00e0 kia t\u1edbi hai l\u1ea7n! \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 hai ti\u1ebfng\u00a0<em>C\u1ed5 Loa<\/em>\u00a0m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5\u00a0<em>Kl\u1ee7\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng tin (13).<\/div>\n<div>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u1eddi x\u01b0a, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00edt \u1ecfi. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba danh song ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba danh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong hai \u00e2m ti\u1ebft h\u1eefu quan, \u00e2m ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t x\u01b0a, kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 N\u00f4m!<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>(1) H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t.1, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, KHXH, 1970, tr.136-143.<\/div>\n<div>(2) B\u0111d, tr.141.<\/div>\n<div>(3) H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, KHXH, 1973, tr. 40-85.<\/div>\n<div>(4) Xin xem: An Chi, Chuy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec7n T\u00e2y, Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ed1 229, tr.51-53.<\/div>\n<div>(5) L\u00e0ng x\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985, tr.116, 74-75 v\u00e0 276.<\/div>\n<div>(6), (7) L\u00e0ng x\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985, tr.116, 74-75 v\u00e0 276.<\/div>\n<div>(8) Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u1eef \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, 1995, tr.176-177.<\/div>\n<div>(9) Theo \u0110\u1ed7 T\u1ea5t L\u1ee3i, \u201cC\u00e2y m\u01a1, c\u00e2y mai d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d, Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, s\u1ed1 10468, 22-3-1983.<\/div>\n<div>(10) Grammata Serica Recensa, Stockholm, 1964, p.314, 1223e.<\/div>\n<div>(11) B\u0111d, tr.140<\/div>\n<div>(12) B\u0111d, tr.140<\/div>\n<div>(13) Xin xem: Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c V\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u201cT\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean ri\u00eang trong c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n h\u1ecdc, 2-1969, tr.72. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u201cKl\u1ee7\u201d l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 thanh \u0111i\u1ec7u 4 (?) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u00e0 ng\u1eef \u00e2m h\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i kinh ng\u1ea1c!<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/note.php?note_id=163203160385528\">Nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u1edf Facebook An Chi (Hu\u1ec7 Thi\u00ean)<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Th\u00f4ng tin Khoa h\u1ecdc &amp; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TT-Hu\u1ebf, 4-1996) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft\u00a0c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 An Chi, ch\u1ee7 th\u1edbt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec5 t\u1eeb thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o n\u00e0o\u00a0ph\u00e1t\u00a0\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf H\u00e1n ng\u1eef\u00a0th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n (m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef \u00e2m l\u1ecbch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ting-vit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=832"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2626,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/832\/revisions\/2626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dongson.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}